A Nidaamka Beddelka Korontada (PCS)waa qalab koronto oo cufnaanta awooda sare leh looguna talagalay utility -nidaamka kaydinta tamarta batteriga cabirka Waxay awood u beddelashada foomamka tamarta korantada iyo socodka tamarta laba jiho, iyadoo taageerta danabyada DC ilaa 1500V. PCS waxa si weyn loogu dabaqaa hababka kaydinta tamarta iyo tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo.
Waxay ku taallaa inta u dhaxaysabatteriga kaydinta tamartaiyo xadhkaha korantada, waa qaybta udub-dhexaadka u ah socodka tamarta korantada ee labada jiho ee u dhaxaysa nidaamka kaydinta tamarta iyo korantada. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu xakameeyo batteriga si loo sameeyo beddelka AC / DC hufan inta lagu jiro habka dallacaadda / dallacaadda waxayna fulisaa hawlaha muhiimka ah ee beddelka tamarta korantada ee labada dhinac iyo xakamaynta nidaamka.
Sida uu PCS u shaqeeyo
Mabda'a shaqada ee aasaasiga ah ee PCS waa in la gaaro socodka laba jiho iyo qaab beddelka tamarta korantada: inta u dhaxaysa AC iyo dhinacyada DC, iyada oo loo marayo kontoroolka wareejinta aaladaha semiconductor, awoodda AC ee ka soo baxda shabakadda ayaa lagu hagaajiyaa awoodda DC si loo dallaco batteriga; ama korantada DC ee batteriga ayaa loo rogaa awooda AC si ay dib ugu soo celiso shabkada. Nidaamkan waxaa si firfircoon u habeeya nidaamka kormeerka microgrid, kaas oo fulin kara amarrada joogtada ah ee awoodda (PQ) ama joogtada ah ee hadda (CC) si loo xakameeyo socodka tamarta ee ku dallacaadda batteriga iyo soo saarista (sida xiirashada ugu sarreysa iyo buuxinta dooxada), isla mar ahaantaana fududeynaya isbeddelka awoodda wax soo saarka ee isbedbeddelka ilaha tamarta sida tamarta dabaysha iyo sawir-qaadista.
Hawlgalka xadhkaha korantada, Nidaamka Xakamaynta Korantada (PCS) wuxuu ciyaara doorar badan oo muhiim ah:
1. Joogtaynta hawlgalka xidhidhka xasiloon: Bixinta korantada kaydinta inta lagu jiro xasilooni darada xadhkaha, hubinta badbaadada batteriga iyada oo loo marayo xidhiidhka Nidaamka Maaraynta Battery (BMS), iyo awood u siinaya - saldhigyada tamarta kaydinta miisaanka si loo gaadho nidaaminta nidaamka awooda dabacsan iyo hufnaanta dhaqaale ee la hagaajiyay iyada oo loo marayo PCS.
2. Xaqiijinta badbaadada batteriga: La shaqaynta BMS, hubinta in baytariyadu ku shaqeeyaan xad badbaado leh iyo ka hortagga khataraha sida dallacaadda xad-dhaafka ah iyo ka badan{1}.
3. Kobcinta dabacsanaanta nidaamka iyo dhaqaalaha: Gaar ahaan - baaxadda saldhigyada tamarta kaydinta tamarta, PCS-gu waa furaha lagu gaadho nidaaminta nidaamka awooda dabacsan (sida xiirashada ugu sarreysa iyo buuxinta dooxa, nidaaminta inta jeer) iyo hagaajinta hufnaanta dhaqaalaha.
Astaamaha asaasiga ah iyo hawlaha PCS
PCS (Nidaamka Xakamaynta Awooda) wuxuu ka kooban yahay qalab sida IGBTs (Transitors Gate Bipolar Transistor), PCB-yada (Boardyada Wareega ee Daabacan), iyo fiilooyinka iyo fiilooyinka. Astaamihiisu iyo hawlihiisa udub dhexaad u ah waa sidan soo socota:
Beddelka Tamarta Labada Dhinac:PCS-gu waxa uu u rogi karaa hadda tooska ah (DC) beddelka hadda (AC) iyo beddelka, taas oo awood u siinaysa socodka tamarta laba jiho ee u dhexeeya shabagga, baytariyada, iyo rarka. Tusaale ahaan, nidaamka kaydinta tamarta, waxa ay u rogi kartaa grid AC una rogi kartaa DC si ay u dalacdo batteriga inta lagu jiro saacadaha ugu sarreeya{1}, oo u beddelo batteriga DC una beddelo AC si uu ugu celiyo shabaqyada ama u keeno culaysyada maxalliga ah saacadaha ugu sarreeya.
Xakamaynta Awoodda saxda ah:Iyada oo loo marayo algorithms-ka kontoroolka sare leh, PCS-gu wuxuu hagaajin karaa xajmiga iyo jihada dallacaadda iyo dallacaadda awoodda wakhtiga dhabta ah, si sax ah uga jawaabaya amarrada dirida shabakadaha ama calaamadaha Nidaamka Maareynta Battery (BMS), hubinta waxtarka iyo xasilloonida beddelka tamarta. Tusaale ahaan, waxay si firfircoon u hagaajin kartaa dallacaadda iyo dallacaadda hadda, danab, iyo inta jeer ee ku salaysan isbeddelada culeyska xadhkaha ama heerka batteriga.
Hagaajinta Tayada Awooda:PCS-gu waxa uu leeyahay xakamaynta iswaafajinta iyo falcelinta magdhawga tamarta, taas oo wanaajin karta tayada awooda wax soo saarka oo yaraynaysa faragelinta shabakada. Xaaladaha koronta cusub ee tamarta, waxa ay sidoo kale fududeyn kartaa isbedbeddelka awoodda wax soo saarka ee ilaha tamarta kala go'a sida photovoltaics iyo dabaysha, taas oo ka dhigaysa curinta korantada mid aad u deggan oo wanaajinaysa awoodda shabakadaha si ay u aqbasho tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo.
Qaabka Beddelka iyo Hawlaha Ilaalinta:PCS-gu waxa uu taageeraa habab hawleedyo badan, oo ay ku jiraan shabagga -ku xidhan yahay iyo kuwa dansan-grid (jiirid) Isla mar ahaantaana, waxay midaysaa habab dhawr ah oo ilaalin ah sida koronto-dhaafka ah, qulqulka xad-dhaafka ah, heerkulka xad-dhaafka ah, iyo ka-hortagga - jasiiradaha si loo hubiyo hawlgalka nidaamka badbaadada leh ee hoos yimaada cilladaha ama xaaladaha aan caadiga ahayn, ka hortagga dhaawaca qalabka ama shilalka xadhkaha.
Marka la soo koobo, PCS-gu waa buundada muhiimka ah ee isku xidha kaydinta tamarta iyo gudbinta korantada, fududaynta dirida tamarta dabacsan, ka faa'iidaysiga hufan, iyo hawlgalka xadhkaha xasiloon iyada oo loo marayo beddelka tamarta hufan iyo caqliga iyo maamulka.
Xaaladaha Codsiga PCS
Iyada oo ku saleysan xaalado kala duwan oo codsi ah, PCS waxa loo qaybin karaa saddex qaybood oo waaweyn: saldhigyada tamarta kaydinta tamarta, warshadaha iyo ganacsiga, iyo deegaanka. Farqiga ugu weyni wuxuu ku jiraa soo-saarka tamarta.
Saldhigyada Korontada Kaydinta Tamarta
Waaweyn - Saldhigyada tamarta kaydinta tamarta ayaa ciyaara doorar badan oo muhiim ah nidaamka korantada, oo ay ku jiraan nidaaminta soo noqnoqda, nidaaminta danab, iyo kaabta. Awoodooda PCS waxay caadi ahaan gaadhaa heerar megawatts ama ka sareeya, iyada oo awooduhu u dhexeeyaan dhowr megawatts ilaa boqolaal megawatts. Waxay leeyihiin shuruudo adag oo loogu talagalay xawaaraha jawaabta nidaamka iyo saxnaanta xakamaynta, waana inay lahaadaan shabag adag -laqabsiga isku xidhka iyo{4}} awoodaha isku xidhka mashiinka isku midka ah si loo hubiyo badbaadada, hufan, iyo hawlgalka xasiloon ee nidaamka awooda inta lagu jiro baaxad weyn -is beddelka tamarta laba jiho. Waxay yihiin unugga taageerada aasaasiga ah ee lagama maarmaanka u ah dhismaha xargaha xariifka ah.
Nidaamyada Kaydinta Tamarta Warshadaha iyo Ganacsiga (PCS)
Baaxadda tamarta ee nidaamyada kaydinta tamarta warshadaha iyo ganacsiga waxay caadi ahaan u dhaxaysaa 50kW ilaa 500kW. Isagoo wajahaya mid adag oo waligiis-isbeddelaya culeysyada korantada iyo xaaladaha shaqada, PCS waa in uu lahaado hufnaan beddelaad oo ka badan 98.5% iyo millisecond{5}}ee heerka cilladda fuulka-iyada oo loo marayo karti. Adigoo si sax ah u fulinaya meesha ugu sarreysa{8}}xiirid iyo dooxa-buuxinta istaraatijiyadda "keydinta korontada inta lagu jiro saacadaha ugu sarreeya{10}}waxaa si wax ku ool ah u yaraynaysaa kharashka ugu sarreeya ee korontada ee ganacsiyada 30%-50%. Isla mar ahaantaana, go'doominteeda isbedbedelka xadhkaha iyo hawlaheega beddelka aan kala go 'lahayn waxay hubisaa in koronto joogto ah loo helo khadadka wax-soo-saarka muhiimka ah ama goobaha ganacsiga, taasoo si weyn u wanajinaysa isku hallaynta korantada iyo noqoshada ilaaliyaha maamulka tamarta ganacsiga.
Kaydinta tamarta deegaanka PCS
Kaydinta tamarta deegaanka PCS waxay caadi ahaan u dhaxaysaa 5kW ilaa 10kW. Naqshaddeeda is haysta, qaab-dhismeedka qaabaysan waxay u oggolaanaysaa rakibid fudud iyo is-dhexgal aan kala go 'lahayn oo leh ilo tamareed oo la qaybiyey sida koronta qoraxda sare ee saqafka. Kaydinta tamarta cadceedda ee dheeraadka ah inta lagu jiro maalinta iyo bixinta xamuulka guriga habeenkii, waxay si wax ku ool ah u badbaadisaa ugu sarreeya iyo tan - kharashyada ugu sarreeya ee korontada. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay bixisa koronto aan kala go 'lahayn inta lagu jiro korontadu go'an tahay, iyadoo si joogto ah u hubineysa in korontadu ay gaarto culeysyada muhiimka ah sida qaboojiyaha, nalka, iyo qalabka isgaarsiinta, sidaas darteed u abuureysa badbaado iyo xal microgrid ah oo madaxbannaan oo guriga ah.